Dinámicas territoriales asociadas a incendios rurales en el departamento Biedma de la provincia del Chubut
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2025
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Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Geografía
Resumen
Este trabajo aborda la ocurrencia de incendios rurales en el departamento Biedma, provincia del Chubut, con el objetivo de analizar las dinámicas territoriales a lo largo del período 2013-2023. La investigación se desarrolló desde una perspectiva integral que combina herramientas de análisis espacial (teledetección y SIG), datos meteorológicos, relevamiento de campo y testimonios de actores locales, se busca comprender en qué medida los incendios rurales configuran una problemática para este territorio.
Durante el período analizado se registraron más de 4000 focos de calor y se detectaron 20 incendios, los cuales afectaron cerca del 12% de la superficie departamental. El estudio mostró una marcada estacionalidad, con mayor ocurrencia de incendios en los meses cálidos y secos.
Desde el punto de vista socioeconómico, los incendios afectan especialmente a la actividad ganadera ovina, históricamente central en la región, generando pérdidas materiales y favoreciendo procesos de abandono o cambio de uso del suelo. También se identifican amenazas para el turismo, actividad estrechamente vinculada a los recursos naturales y paisajísticos de la región. Las percepciones relevadas entre productores y otros actores evidencian una preocupación creciente por la frecuencia e intensidad de los incendios.
En conclusión, comprender la ocurrencia de incendios rurales exige una mirada territorial que articule factores ecológicos, sociales y económicos, y que permita avanzar hacia estrategias de manejo y prevención adaptadas al contexto regional.
This study addresses the occurrence of rural fires in the Biedma Department, Chubut Province, with the aim of analyzing territorial dynamics over the 2013–2023 period. The research was conducted from a comprehensive perspective that combines spatial analysis tools (remote sensing and GIS), meteorological data, fieldwork, and testimonies from local stakeholders, the research seeks to understand to what extent rural fires constitute a problem for this territory. During the period analyzed, more than 4,000 heat sources were recorded, and 20 fire events were detected, affecting approximately 12 % of the department's surface area. The study revealed a marked seasonality, with a higher occurrence of fires during the warm and dry months. From a socioeconomic perspective, the fires particularly affect sheep farming, a historically central activity in the region, causing material losses and contributing to land abandonment or changes in land use. Threats to tourism were also identified, a sector closely linked to the region’s natural and scenic resources. The perceptions gathered from producers and other local actors reflect a growing concern about the increasing frequency and intensity of fires. In conclusion, understanding the occurrence of rural fires requires a territorial perspective that integrates ecological, social, and economic factors, and that enables the development of management and prevention strategies adapted to the regional context.
This study addresses the occurrence of rural fires in the Biedma Department, Chubut Province, with the aim of analyzing territorial dynamics over the 2013–2023 period. The research was conducted from a comprehensive perspective that combines spatial analysis tools (remote sensing and GIS), meteorological data, fieldwork, and testimonies from local stakeholders, the research seeks to understand to what extent rural fires constitute a problem for this territory. During the period analyzed, more than 4,000 heat sources were recorded, and 20 fire events were detected, affecting approximately 12 % of the department's surface area. The study revealed a marked seasonality, with a higher occurrence of fires during the warm and dry months. From a socioeconomic perspective, the fires particularly affect sheep farming, a historically central activity in the region, causing material losses and contributing to land abandonment or changes in land use. Threats to tourism were also identified, a sector closely linked to the region’s natural and scenic resources. The perceptions gathered from producers and other local actors reflect a growing concern about the increasing frequency and intensity of fires. In conclusion, understanding the occurrence of rural fires requires a territorial perspective that integrates ecological, social, and economic factors, and that enables the development of management and prevention strategies adapted to the regional context.
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INCENDIOS, AMBIENTE RURAL, PREVENCION DE INCENDIOS, DISTRIBUCION GEOGRAFICA
Cita
González, Javier Horacio. (2025). Dinámicas territoriales asociadas a incendios rurales en el departamento Biedma de la provincia del Chubut. Tesis de grado. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco.